On 24 March 2021 the UN Human Rights Council (HRC) adopted Resolution 46/23 on the human rights situation in South Sudan. The HRC expressed concern at the findings of the Commission on Human Rights in South Sudan (CHRSS) regarding widespread and pervasive violence at the subnational level and localized conflicts, often with the participation of organized armed militias affiliated with the South Sudan People’s Defence Forces or the Sudan People’s Liberation Army in Opposition. This includes violations against civilians, including abduction of children, murder, rape and other forms of sexual violence. The HRC stressed that those responsible for violations and abuses of human rights and violations of IHL, including any that amount to war crimes or crimes against humanity, should be held accountable. The HRC extended the mandate of the CHRSS for a period of one year and recalled that “the Government of South Sudan has the responsibility to protect its population from genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity.”